約 4,085,807 件
https://w.atwiki.jp/wiki11_library/pages/571.html
COLLABORATION George Benson, Earl Klugh 1987 Warner Bros. Produce Tommy Lipuma マーカスミラーとハービーメイソンを迎えた80年代フュージョン。ベンソンのメロウなスキャットもたっぷり。ギターっていいなあ。 2008.3.5 ジャズからポップスまでいけるジョージベンソンと、クリアなアコースティックギターが味のアールクルー。コラボレーションで何でも出来そうです。時は1987年、ベースにマーカスミラー、ドラムはハービーメイソンを迎えて正統派のフュージョンであります。ミドルテンポを主体にアップテンポのラテン味まで。 こういう構成の時にサックスが主役のアルバムだとバラードがちょこっと入るのがお約束ですが、ギターだともうちょっと元気で「メロウ」って感じになります。こういうの好きだなあ。 もう一方のお約束であるジョージベンソンの「ギター弾きながら同時にスキャットでユニゾン」はたっぷり堪能できます。特に唯一古びた感じがしない1曲目はマーカスミラーが提供していて、曲と言うよりは「ツーファイブで廻してソロ＋テーマのキメでソロ交代」って言った方がいいのですが、伝統ある自由なフォーマットですから二人とも安心して羽を伸ばして思う存分ギターの魅力を聴かせてくれてます。流石マーカスミラー、職人ですな。プロデューサーとしての評価も高いだけあって泳がせるのが上手い。 ほぼ同時期のジョージベンソンなら「Weekend in L.A.」もお勧め。 メンバー Geore Benson (electric guitar) Earl Kligh (classical guitar) Marcus Miller (b) Harvey Mason (ds) Greg Phillinganes (key) Paulinho Da Cosata (perc) Paul Jackson (rhythm guitar) 曲目 Mt. AIRY ROAD (Marcus Miller) MIMOSA (George Benson) BRAZILIAN STOMP (Earl Klugh) DREAMIN' (Marcus Miller) SINCE YOU'RE GONE (Earl Kligh) COLLABORATION (Harvey Mason, Randy Goodrum) JAMAICA / Randy Goodrum) Love Theme from "ROMEO JULIET" (composed by Nino Rota) サイト内リンクジョージ・ベンソンアール・クルー おまけ IBANEZ GB10NT エレキギター ジャケットに写ってるギターはイバニーズのスペシャルモデル。たぶんこれ。
https://w.atwiki.jp/rulersofnationswiki/pages/60.html
Type [タイプ] Message [メッセージ] War [戦争] Disaster [災害] Type 項目 訳 Earthquake 地震 Hurricane ハリケーン Atomic radiation 原子放射線 Wildfire 野火 flood 洪水 Volcanic eruption 火山の噴火 Tsunami 津波 Drought 干ばつ Famine 飢饉 Heat wave 熱波 Cold wave 寒波 Oil slick 油膜汚染 Plague 疫病 Ebola エボラ Cholera コレラ Terrorist attack [テロ攻撃] Trouble [トラブル] Type 項目 訳語 Strike ストライキ One-day strike 単日ストライキ roads blocked 道路封鎖 Demonstrations デモ Sit-in demonstrations 座り込みデモ Turmoil 騒動 Relationship between two countries [2国間関係] Opinion on a character [個人の意見] Character's popularity [個人の人気] Creating a scandal [スキャンダルの作成] Head of state 項目 訳 proof Intention to conduct war operations 戦争行為を意図する証拠 suspicions Nuclear weapons tests 核兵器実験の疑い suspicions Development of a Nuclear weapons program 核兵器開発の疑い suspicions Production of nuclear missiles 核ミサイル生産の疑い suspicions Production of chemical weapons 化学兵器生産の疑い suspicions Intention to conduct war operations 戦争好意を意図する疑い proof Nuclear weapons tests 核兵器実験の証拠 proof Development of a Nuclear weapons program 核兵器開発の証拠 proof Production of nuclear missiles 核ミサイル生産の証拠 proof Sale of nuclear missiles to foreign powers 他国への核ミサイル販売の証拠 proof purchase of nuclear missiles from foreign powers 他国からの核ミサイルの購入の証拠 proof Production of chemical weapons 化学兵器生産の証拠 proof Financial aid to terrorist organizations テロ組織への金融支援 proof Supplier of weapons to terrorist organizations テロ組織への武器支援 proof Supplier of weapons to terrorist organizations テロ組織への武器支援 その他 項目 訳 breaking the speed limit 速度違反 scandal/drunk in public 飲酒 consumption of soft drugs ソフトドラッグの使用 fighting/assault and battery 殴り合い/脅迫や暴行 old secret[incriminating photos] 過去の秘密[写真による告発] old secret[lies CV/diplomas] 過去の秘密[履歴/資格免許の偽り] old secret[old misdemeanour] 過去の秘密[昔の軽罪] moral harassment モラルハラスメント prostitute 売春婦 public defamation/verbal slips 公の中傷/失言 addiction to gambling 賭博への熱中 doping ドーピング embezzlement 横領 swindling 詐欺 fictitious job 架空勤務 tax swindle 税金詐欺 corruption 贈収賄 real estate scams 不動産詐欺 money laundering マネーローンダリング dead voters 死後投票 misappropriation of party funds 政治資金の横領 discrimination/racist language 差別/人種差別主義者発言 foul crime 不正な犯罪 adultery 不貞 collusion with mafia マフィアとの共謀 End a conflict [戦争の終結] Annexing a country [国家の併合] Kick off elections [選挙の開始] End unrest [不満の終結] Victory[end of the match] [勝利条件[ゲーム終了]] Defeat[end of the match] [敗退条件[ゲーム終了]] condition [条件] 項目 変数 訳 Date X has been reached 日付Xになった Date X has passed 日付Xが過ぎた Date X hasn't been reached yet 日付Xにまだなっていない Country X has been conquered 国家Xが征服される Country Y's X variable is above Z 国家Yの変数XがZよりも高い Country Y's X variable is below Z 国家Yの変数XがZよりも低い Country Y's X variable has been multiplied by Z since the start of the game 国家Yの変数Xがゲームの開始時からZ倍になった Country Y's X variable has been increased by Z since the start of the game 国家Yの変数Xがゲームの開始時からZ増加した The response to event X is Y イベントXに対する返答がYであった Event X has started イベントXが開始した Event X hasn't started イベントXが開始しなかった Country X is at war against Y 国家XがYと戦争中である Country X is not at war against Y 国家XがYと戦争中でない There's been an attack in Country X 国家Xで攻撃が起きた There's a scandal involving person X 個人Xにスキャンダルが起きた The regime in country X is Y 国家Xの政権がYである Country X has Y political leanings 国家XがYの政治傾向である Country X's troops are in country Y 国家Xの軍隊が国家Yにある Country X's troops are in region Y 国家Xの軍隊が地域Yにある Country X's troops are in the city Y 国家Xの軍隊が都市Yにある Countries X and Y have set a meeting 国家XとYが会合を設定した Countries X and Y have signed a contract 国家XとYが契約に調印した Countries X and Y have signed a military treaty 国家XとYが軍事条約に調印した Country Y has financed a political party in country X 国家Yが国家Xの政党に融資した Country Y has financed a terrorist group in country X 国家Yが国家Xのテロリスト集団に融資した State of emergency in country X 国家Xでの非常事態 Martial law in country X 国家Xでの戒厳令 The event X was triggered Y days ago イベントXがY日前に発生した The event is triggered if... [イベントの発生条件] 全て満たす(all the conditions are met)、1つでも満たす(at least conditions is met)
https://w.atwiki.jp/vocaloidenglishlyric/pages/341.html
【Tags Signal-P T tT Rin】 Original Music title Transmit English music title Transmit Music Lyrics written, Voice edited by シグナルP (Signal-P) Music arranged by シグナルP (Signal-P) Singer 鏡音リン (Kagamine Rin) Click here for the original Japanese Lyrics English Lyrics (translated by moire25)： The moon floats faintly, the stars remain dimly I sent my wish from here by reaching my hand I put it in words and smile, not to lose It's so easy to go with the flow, but even so, Do not forget that it's important to go against the tide Hold it tight once again, pledge and carve it into your heart Every time I feel wistful, a gentle light shines Though I can't make the linked story dramatic At least I will even smile to the end the day I cry I couldn't do anything in the past I wonder if I could give warmth even just a little I wonder if I can change something in the future I'm overwhelmed by anxieties and sorrows The flowing gentle sound is faintly turned blue Recall the overflowing strength from here Even if you chase and lost it, rely on a glimmer of a clue I'm sure it's still nearby, so don't give up Be honest to the heart crying out. You can hear it if you close your eyes. Then, it certainly show the way to go Hold it tight once again, pledge and carve it into your heart Every time I feel wistful, a gentle light shines Though I can't make the linked story dramatic At least I will even smile to the end the day I cry And now I'll just believe my feelings will reach you... I'll be by your side, so I'll the tears and I won't get away any more. lalala… Romaji lyrics (transliterated by moire25)： kasukani ukabu tsuki ussura nokoru hoshi tachi te wo nobashi te koko kara todokeru negai dokomademo tooku te hate naku todoki sou mo nai kotoba ni nose hohoemu make nai you ni nagare ni mi wo makasu no wa kantanda keredo sore demo sakarau koto mo daiji da to wasure nai de dakishime te ima mou ichido sono mune ni chikatte kizami kon de setsunasa kanjiru tabi sosogu yasashii hikari tsunagatte iru monogatari doramachikku ni nado deki nai keredo nai ta hi mo saigo ni wa seme te egao de owatte ima made no jibun wa nani mo dekina katta kedo sukoshi demo nukumori wo tsutae re ta kana korekara no jibun wa nani ka kae rare ru no kana fuan ya kanashimi ni oshitsubu sare sou de nagareru odayakana oto honokani aoku irozui te afureru tsuyosa wo koko kara yobisamashi te oikake te miushi natte mo chiisana tegakari wo tayori ni shi te chikakuni mada iru hazu dakara akirame nai de me wo tojire ba kikoe te kuru kokoro no sakebi ni sunao ni natte sou sure ba hitsuzen to susumu michi ga otozureru dakishime te ima mou ichido sono mune ni chikatte kizami kon de setsunasa kanjiru tabi sosogu yasashii hikari tsunagatte iru monogatari doramachikku ni nado deki nai keredo nai ta hi mo saigo ni wa seme te egao de owatte soshite ima wa tada omoi ga todoku to shinji te... soba ni iru kara namida wo fuite mou ni ge nai lalala... [SignalP, Signal-P, Sigunaru-P, SigunaruP, Dios, Hiroaki Arai]
https://w.atwiki.jp/anno2070jpn/pages/326.html
Geothermic Power Plant (Deep Ocean) 建設コスト： 資金9000, Carbon 30, Tools 40, Building Modules 60 維持コスト： 資金-200 サイズ： ‐（海底のGeothermic Energy Sourceに建設） アンロック条件： 自陣営のTech Researcher 1200名以上 機能： Power（電力）750単位を生成 稼動条件： なし 特記事項： 災害Tsunamiの発生原因 ジオサーミック パワープラント、地熱発電所。Deep Ocean適用時のみ建設可能な発電施設。 Geothermic Power Plantは海底付近を流れるマグマの熱を利用して発電を行う施設である。 その原理的な制約により、海底に存在する専用の建設ポイント（Geothermic Energy Source）にしか建設できない。 Underwater PlateauにGeothermic Energy Sourceがあるかどうかはマグマのオレンジ色の輝きですぐに判断できる。 Geothermic Power Plantは単機で750単位というゲーム内で最大の発電量を誇り、発電量あたりの維持費もかなり低い部類に入る。 一つの海底拠点で750もの電力を使い切るのは難しいので、Energy Transmitterとの組み合わせで大電力を有効活用するのが望ましい。 単に発電量が多いだけでなく、建設に特殊なアイテムを必要とせず、資源の消費もなく、環境破壊も起こらないという結構尽くめの施設だが、災害の一つであるTsunamiの原因になるという問題があるため、使用に当たってはあらかじめTsunamiへの対策を練っておきたい。 Tsunamiの発生率を引き下げるWarehouse用アイテム（Geoseismic Damper 1.0 / 2.0 / 3.0の3種）は滅多に売っていない上に恐ろしく高価なので、可能であればフォーミュラを用意して使いまわせるようにしたい。 Tsunamiが起こることを前提した対策としては、Geothermic Power Plantがある方角には港湾施設を作らないようにする、Geothermic Power Plant付近を通るTranding Routeは潜行モードにして潜水艦で運用するようにするなどの方法が考えられる。 （Tsunamiの発生を抑えるのにMaintenance Unitが有効かどうかははっきりした情報がないが、Maintenance Unitを使用しても建物を選択したときにアイコンが出ないことからおそらく効果は無いものと思われる。） Geothermic Power Plantが建設できるGeothermic Energy Sourceはマグマの輝きとタービンのアイコンが目印。 たかが15%の効果に2400ライセンスだと…。 関連フォーミュラ一覧 フォーミュラによる効果は維持費と災害発生率の低減。最終的には災害発生率を0%にできる。 ランク 名前 効果 必要なPrototype 1 Autonomous pipe maintenance unit 維持費-10% 1 Seismic pressure regulator 災害発生率-30% 2 Soundwave-based sensor system 維持費-20%、災害発生率-40% 3 Extended Sensoric Interface 維持費-30%、災害発生率-50% 16-step safety system
https://w.atwiki.jp/yamiden_us/pages/325.html
Sitorasu [#mc2d407d] Sitorasu [部分編集] attachrefSitorasu STR INT WIS CON DEX HP MP Class 3 3 3 3 3 ? ? Warrior LV 99 コメント 名前
https://w.atwiki.jp/englishlanguage/pages/128.html
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The English Dialect of Donegal A Glossary. Dublin Royal Irish Academy.
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Language Definition The natural barriers to communication and making friends caused by language. Explanation Tolerance to Non-native Speakers People in multicultural areas such as the West coast, New York, or Toronto have tolerance in speaking English to non-native speakers. Local people are also used to listening to and understanding non-native English. However, Japanese people don t have the tolerance to speak with non-fluent Japanese speakers, and this creates a barrier at ICU between non-native speakers of Japanese and other students. Because Japan is a relatively homogenous society, most Japanese people have little or no experience talking with people who don t speak fluent Japanese, and therefore don t really know how to communicate with someone who is not fluent. Even in California and other highly multicultural areas, there are two kinds of people; those who have the abitlity to speak to foeigners and those who do not. Some people have never learned another language and have never been in a situation where they are unable to understand, and therefore lack the paitience and diligence required to communicate with non-fluent speakers. There are some people who have tolerance in speaking with non native Japanese speakers in Japan and of course, there are some people who do not like communicating with non-native English speakers in the U.S. Young people, especially teens tend not to have the tolerance or desire to speak with non-native speakers. Keigo "Keigo" or formal language can be a communication barrier. In Japanese, there is a custom to use keigo for elder people or people in positions above you, otherwise it is considered rude. Especially the first time you meet someone, keigo should be used in order to not sound rude. While keigo is useful to show respect or politeness, it keeps a certain distance between people in the relationship. When a relationship begins using keigo, it is hard to switch to "tame-guchi." Tameguchi is plain or casual speech, which is used for younger or lower postion people, but somtimes it can also be used when looking down on someone. Therefore, which level of speech you use upon meeting someone for the first time is a very important consideration. Bilingual Environment ICU is a particularly stressful environment when it comes to communicating. There are so many people that are fluent in English and Japanese that those of us that aren t have anxiety about trying to speak a language that we are not fluent in. Also, the environment of ICU allows for NOT speaking Japanese/English...there is always a way to get something done in either language. This makes practicing a foreign language even more difficult because people can automatically talk to you in the language you understand, making it simply inconvenient to practice the foreign language. Examples / Actual Cases From my experience, OYR students don t seem to want to use Japanese when they are hanging out with friends, and some students said they don t want to be bothered with Japanese outside of class because class and tutoring is enough practice. OYRs cannot relax when they are using Japanese, or cannot really enjoy themaelves when they have to use Japanese all the time. OYRs want to use Japanese and sometimes try, but it is still different from conversational Japanese. To really relax and enjoy a conversation, a high level of language skill is needed. OYRs want to use Japanese outside of class, but the problem (specially for native speakers of English) is that most ICU students tend to speak to them in English. So rather than complicate things and make the conversation longer, the task just is just carried out in English. Solutions From the Japanese side and the problem of low tolerance to non-native speakers, the solution is easy. It is important to realize that because OYR s Japanese is not fluent, Japanese speakers must speak slowly, pronounce clearly, and when they dont understand, repeat and paraphrase until they understand. It is also important to realize that the language you speak upon initially meeting someone often determines the kind of language that relationship will take on, weather that be English, Japanese, or a combination of both. Listen when your Japanese friends are talking amongst themselves. Try picking up important words or commonly-used expressions, know the context or situation in which they are spoken, and try to use them as much and as casually as you can in conversations. It s a good way to loosen up a conversation and let your Japanese friends know you re actually interested in speaking the language with them. As for OYRs, if you show that you really want to speak Japanese! If you refuse to resort to English, then your Japanese freinds will eventually learn how to communicate with you. Edit this page
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http //query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9902E5D8123AE733A25756C2A96F9C946597D6CF SAVAGE ISLAND OF FORMOSA TRANSFORMED BY JAPANESE Wonders Worked in a Few Years With a People That Others Had Failed to Subdue ---- A Lesson for Other Colonizing Nations. LONDON, Sep. 24.1904 - The Times today publishes the following article from a correspondent, dealing with Japan's transformation of Formosa To achieve success in any art three things are necessary - native talent, close application, and experience. The art of colonizing is no exception to the rule. Hence the Germans have failed in their attempts at colonization, notwithstanding their close application, either from want of native talent or from the lack of experience; but most probably the fact that the first attempt in any art is usually a failure has been the cause of Germany's non-success. (引用者注)ドイツ人による植民地化失敗とは何を指すのか不明です。 For this reason Japan's first attempt at colonizing is particularly interesting, especially as the Island of Formosa, which is Japan's first colony, probably so-called offers difficulties to a colonizing nation which in the past have appeared insurmountable to many other nations. The Island of Formosa has ever been a favorite haunt of outlaws from China and from various other countries, and the savageness and unruliness of the population were so great that those parts of the country which were conquered several times were never colonized. The Spanish and the Dutch made attempts at colonizing Formosa, but they gave it up in despair. The Chinese left the land virtually a wilderness, and the French and English, who might easily enough have acquired it, preferred not to put their foot into the interior of that savage island. Taming the Wild Natives. Therefore, when Japan demanded Formosa after the conclusion of the Chinese-Japanese war of 1894-1895, China was willing, if not glad, to cede to it, and Li Hung-Chang remarked sarcastically that Japan would find the island an exceedingly bad bargain. When Japan entered Formosa she found the coast at the mercy of pirates. The interior was ruled partly by the savage aborigines, partly by organized bands of outlaws and robbers, who plundered ships wrecked on the coast and murdered the crews who approached the island. While Formosa was in the possession of China, trouble with the United States and other countries was frequently caused by these murderous attacks on the crews of foreign ships. China was probably glad to get rid of the unruly island. The conquest of the island took a year, and on the 31st of March, 1896, it was placed under civil administration. But the former Chinese officers and officials who used to be on duty in the island, and who feared to be deprived of their positions, joined hands with the unruly elements of Formosa, instigated them to revolt against their new rulers, and the country was constantly in a state of restlessness and turmoil up to the end of 1901, when a sweeping movement of the troops rid the island at last of its revolutionary elements. Leniency in Enforcing Laws. Though the country has hitherto enjoyed only a few years of complete peace under Japanese rule, the appearance of the country and the spirit of its formerly savage inhabitants have already completely changed, and the natives begin to understand the blessings of Japanese rule and to praise it. The policy by which Japan has achieved this remarkable success has been the following Japan has, so far as possible, respected the prejudices of the inhabitants, and has tried rather to gently guide than to coerce them on the path of civilization. For instance, the ancient "Peace Corps," which was established by the Chinese and which protected the inhabitants against the raids of armed banditti, and against fire, floods, and other natural calamities, was maintained, but at the same time the enlightened laws of Japan were introduced. However, while these laws are in the main applied with their full force to the Japanese residing in the island, they are modified in the case of the aboriginal inhabitants whose lack of civilization makes them unable to appreciate at once civilized conditions and the necessity to respect those laws whereby civilization is upheld. Curing the Opium Habit. Even the opium habit has in so far been respected that the natives are not punished for consuming opium, though opium smoking and dealing in opium is a crime for which Japanese citizens in Japan and in Formosa as well are punished with penal servitude of varying degrees. But in order to gradually diminish the amount of opium consumed, on the same principle on which a drunkard may gradually be weaned from his drink, the Japanese Government has made the opium trade a monopoly, which it judiciously uses for at the same time permitting and discouraging opium smoking. Only confirmed smokers are able to obtain opium, and they can secure the drug only under the strictest serveillance. The Government controlling the supply of opium doles it out through licensed agents to licensed smokers, and the police watch with the greatest vigilance that the circle of opium smokers does not enlarged. At the same time moral pressure is brought to bear. All doctors have constantly to point out the evils of opium smoking to the grown-up, and all school teachers have to warn the children against the injurious and demoralizing effects of the opium habit. The population of the island amounts to present roughly to 3,000,000, of whom in September, 1900, 169,064 were opium smokers. By the end of March, 1902, only 152,044 were registered and licensed as opium smokers, the decrease of 17,020 having been caused by death or by the discontinuance of the opium habit, and this number will no doubt rapidly be further reduced by the wise policy that is being pursued. It is significant that the opium imported, which represented in 1900 a value of 3,392,602 yes, amounted in 1903 to the value of 1,121,455 yen only. From a revenue point of view the policy restricting the use of opium in Formosa is no doubt unfavorable, for it means the State a serious loss of income on the one sides, and increased expenses for administration and the surveillance of opium smokers on the other side. While the Japanese Government has in no way tried to hurt the susceptibilities of the natives by meddling with their religion and their customs, it has given them tangible proof of the benefit of Japanese rule by improving in every respect the conditions of the people. In the first place, the law-abiding tollers are no longer terrorized and tyrannized over by robber bands, and enjoy freedom under a just Government. In the second place much has been done for their bodily welfare. The country used to suffer much from epidemic diseases, which ere largely caused by the wretchedly bad water which the natives obtained from stagnant pools and contaminated streams. Consequently the Japanese set about to provide a supply of pure water. The total number of artesian wells that have bored in Formosa is not available, but in the Tajhoku district alone, where about one-tenth of the population is living, more than 800 wells have been sunk. Fine System of Schools Started. Education being the basis and starting point of all progress, Japan has introduced her splendid education system in Formosa. There are schools for the Japanese, with 60 teachers and 2,000 pupils, and there are 130 elementary schools for the natives with a teaching staff of 521 teachers, who are educating 18,149 children and transforming them into civilized beings. However, Japan is not satisfied with providing elementary education for the natives, for it is her ambition to give to Formosa the best she has to give. Consequently Japan has established for the use of the natives a medical school, a Japanese language school, and a school for training school teachers. The medical school in Formosa has the grand distinction that it is the only school in the Far East which gives a regular course of the modern science and practice of medicine to students of Chinese origin. It is domiciled in Taihoku, and at the present moment about 150 students are studying medicine there under the guidance of competent Japanese professors. The Japanese language school serves two objects. Its purpose is to spread the Japanese language among the natives, and at the same time to furnish opportunities to the Japanese to learn the native languages, and thus to prepare them to act as teachers and interpreters iin the interior. The happiness of the individual depends not only on his security, his freedom from tyranny, and on his bodily wellbeings, but also on his prosperity. Consequently Japan has made it her aim to increase the prosperity of her new colony. Making Network of Railways. When Japan took over Formosa there were no roads in existence, but strange to say there was a short piece of railway which was almost useless, so badly was it built and so wretchedly was it managed. Railway fares and freights were changed almost daily, and trains were run "when convenient." Understanding the fundamental requirements of Formosa, the Japanese started methodically upon road making in many parts of the island, and according to a recent report of the United States Consul more than 1,000 miles of road have already been built. At the same time the Japanese Government mapped out a comprehensive scheme or railways, on which it proposes to spend 28,8000,000 yen, or almost £ 3,000,000, an amount which for a country like Japan sounds almost fabulous. The piece of railway which the Japanese found in existence has already been thoroughly reconstructed, and a new line from Shinhiku to Takao was commence simultaneously from both termini with the greatest energy. Between 1897 and 1903, 95 miles of railway were laid, 37 stations were built, and 210 freight cars and passenger wagons and 20 engines introduced. During this period the number of passengers carried has grown fourfold and the quantity of good transported tenfold. Besides, light railways were introduced, of which 125 miles were laid within a few months. A further 52 mildes of light railroad are about to be built. The post, telegraph, and telephones have also been introduced with the greatest success. Between 1896 and 1902 eigthy-seven Post Offices were opened for the public throughout the island, which, in 1902, handled 13,285,105 letters and post cards and 114,779 parcels, and issued 336,207 domestic money orders. The length of telegraph wire has grown from 900 miles in 1896 to 2,600 miles in 1902, and 1350 miles of telephone wire have been laid, over which in 1902 3,690,228 messages were sent. The native industries which were carried on n Formosa when the Japanese arrived were pursued in a very unsatisfactory fashion. Scientific cultivation, and even thorough cultivation, of the fruitful ground was unknown; the natives relies chiefly on the bounty of Nature unaided, and though the Formosa farmer did obtain two, and even three, crops of rice a year, his harvest was not proportionate to his toil and his income was totally inadequate. Through the improved methods which have been introduced by the Japanese, the production of rice has increased by 10 percent between 1896 and 1902. The production of tea has grown fivefold between the same years, and the other agricultural staple products, such as sugar, sweet potatoes, cane, ramie, jute, turmetric, c., all show a very large increase. The enormous forests also were insufficiently utilized, and the wastefulness of the natives was such that, for instance, camphor oil was treated as waste by the native refiners, who extracted camphor from the wood. The consequence of the reforms which have been introduced by the Japanese has been that the production of camphor has steadily increased from 1,534,596 kin in 1897 to 3,588,814 kin in 1903, and the output of camphor oil has risen from 638,603 kin in 1897 to 2,670,561 kin in 1903. Mining likewise was carried on in the most superficial and improvident fashion and consequently the maximum of labor yielded but a minimum of result. By patient tuition and gentle insistence the Japanese have succeeded in introducing improved methods in all industries. The farms yield better harvests, the forests are scientifically exploited, and millions of young camphor trees have been planted in suitable places, and the mining industry has made an enormous progress in the last few years. Bank and Currency System. The improvement in trade and industries of Formosa naturally made apparent the need of improved banking organs and an improved currency system. Consequently, the Formosan Bank was established as the central baning organ in the island, and private banking offices were opened in the more important centres. Post Office savings banks have also been opened, and have had a highly gratifying success. The number of depositors has increased from 5,847 in 1896 to 41,145 in 1902, and the amount deposited from 228,487 yen in 1806 to 763,575 yen in 1902. The currency of Formosa also had to be reformed. Formosa used to be a country where the medium of exchange was bullion, not coin, exactly as in China, and the bulky copper coinage used to make commercial transactions of any magnitude wellnigh an impossibility. This antediluvian monetary system has now been replaced by the up-to-date monetary system of Japan. Japan has poured money like water into Formosa. She has established factories for making brown sugar, white sugar, glass, pager, c.; she has sent out many of her ablest men as administrators, and she will no doubt in due time receive her reward for her enlightened policy. Only a few years have elapsed since the island has been completely pacified. Nevertheless, the economic ordinary progress which has already been made is very striking. The increased prosperity of the inhabitants may be seen from the fact that the general revenue, which is principally derived from Government works and undertakings, the opium monopoly, customs, and various taxes has expanded from 2,711,822 yen in 1896 to 12,738,587 yen in 1903, having grown almost tenfold. The ordinary local revenue, which is chiefly composed of taxes on land, houses, businesses, c., has risen from 747,850 yen in 1898, to 1,952,220 yen in 1902, having almost been trebled in four years. In the collection of the general and local taxes, no undue hardship has been exercised in order to obtain these magnificent results. It is, therefore only natural that the population of Formosa has rapidly increased parl passu with the development of its resources. In 1897, the population of Formosa amounted to 2,455,357, but in 1903 it had risen to 3,082,404. 【資料】NHK JAPANデビュー第1回『アジアの“一等国”』をめぐって
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ACTE QUATRIÈME （Le cloître du couvent de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle.A droit, le portique de l'église; en face, une grande croix élevée sur un socle de pierre.Ça et là des tombes et des croix de bois.） SCÈNE PREMIÈRE （Religieux, Balthazar.Des religieux sont prosternés au pied de la croix; d'autres, dans l'éloignement, creusent leurs tombes et répètent par intervalles.） ▼LES RELIGIEUX▲ Frères, creusons l'asile où la douleur s'endort. （Un religieux introduit des pèlerins qui se dirigent vers l'église et s'arrêtent devant le portique où paraît Balthazar.） ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Les cieux s'emplissent d'étincelles; vers Dieu montez avec transport, choeur pur des pénitents fidèles, assis dans l'ombre de la mort. （Les religieux répètent la prière de Balthazar, puis s'éloignent à travers les arcades du cloître; les pèlerins entrent dans la chapelle.Un seul religieux est resté debout, immobile.） SCÈNE DEUXIÈME （Balthazar et Fernand） ▼BALTHAZAR▲ （s'approchant de Fernand） Dans un instant, mon frère, un serment éternel vous arrache à la terre pour vous lier au ciel. ▼FERNAND▲ Quand j'ai quitté le port pour l'orage du monde, vous me l'aviez bien dit "Mon fils, tu reviendras!" Me voici; je reviens, cherchant la paix profonde et l'oubli que la mort offre ici dans ses bras. ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Du courage, Fernand! lorsque Dieu vous appelle, ne pensez plus qu'à lui; votre voeu prononcé entre le monde et vous est un tombeau placé. （Balthazar s'éloigne） ▼FERNAND▲ Vous me quittez? ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Entrez dans la chapelle. Près d'un novice arrivé cette nuit, Malade… jeune encor… le devoir me conduit. ▼FERNAND▲ （levant les yeux au ciel） Jeune aussi! ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Pauvre fleur par l'orage abattue. Qui va mourir, peut-être! ▼FERNAND▲ Oh! oui, la douleur tue. （Balthazar va prendre les mains de Fernand, comme pour relever son courage, puis il sort.） SCÈNE TROISIÈME Fernand, seul. ▼FERNAND▲ La maîtresse du roi!… Dans l'abîme creusé, Sous un piège infernal ma gloire est engloutie, et de mon triste cour l'espérance est sortie ainsi que d'un vase brisé. Ange si pur, que dans un songe j'ai cru trouver, vous que j'aimais! Avec l'espoir, triste mensonge, envolez-vous, et pour jamais! En moi, pour l'amour d'une femme de Dieu l'amour avait faibli; Pitié! je t'ai rendu mon âme, Pitié! Seigneur, rends-moi l'oubli! Ange si pur, que dans un songe j'ai cru trouver, vous que j'aimais! Avec l'espoir, triste mensonge, envolez-vous et pour jamais! SCÈNE QUATRIÈME （Fernand, Balthazar, les Religieux.） ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Es-tu prêt? viens. ▼FERNAND▲ Mon père, à la chapelle je vous suis. ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Viens, mon fils, qu'à toi Dieu se révèle! （Balthazar et Fernand entrent dans la chapelle, les religieux les suivent en silence.Léonor parait sous l'habit de novice; elle se place devant le porche de l'église, cherchant à distinguer les traits des religieux qui passent.） SCÈNE CINQUIÈME （Léonor, seule.） ▼LÉONOR▲ Fernand! Fernand! Pourrai-je le trouver? Ce monastère est-il l'asile qu'il habite? Sous cette robe sainte, ô mon Dieu que j'irrite, jusques à lui permets-moi d'arriver. Par la douleur ma force est épuisée, je vais mourir… oui! merci de ce don! Prends mon âme brisée, Mais qu'au moins de Fernand j'emporte le pardon. ▼LES RELIGIEUX▲ （dans l'église） Que du Très-Haut la faveur t'accompagne, voeu du fidèle, adorable tribut! Entendez-vous du haut de la montagne, la voix de l'ange annonçant le salut? ▼LÉONOR▲ Qu'entends-je? C'est un voeu qui de l'autel s'élève, une âme que le ciel à cette terre enlève! ▼FERNAND▲ （dans l'église） Je me consacre à te servir, Seigneur! Viens, que ta grâce illumine mon cour. ▼LÉONOR▲ Cette voix! c'est bien lui! lui! perdu pour la terre. Ange, remonte au ciel! Je fuis ce cloître austère, mais… je ne puis, la mort glace mon sang. （elle tombe épuisée au pied de la croix） SCÈNE SIXIÈME （Léonor et Fernand.） ▼FERNAND▲ （sortant de l'église avec agitation） Mes voeux sont prononcés… Et malgré moi descend, dans mon âme inquiète, une terreur secrète… J'ai fui loin de l'autel. ▼LÉONOR▲ （essayant de se soulever） Mon Dieu, je souffre… hélas! J'ai froid. ▼FERNAND▲ Qu'entends-je? （regardant autour de lui） Sur la terre un malheureux! （s'approchant） Relevez-vous, mon frère. ▼LÉONOR▲ C'est lui! ▼FERNAND▲ （reculant avec horreur） Grand Dieu! ▼LÉONOR▲ Ne me maudissez pas! ▼FERNAND▲ Va-t'en d'ici! de cet asile tu troublerais la pureté; laisse la mort froide et tranquille faire son ouvre en liberté. Dans son palais ton roi t'appelle pour te parer de honte et d'or. Son amour te rendra plus belle, plus belle et plus infâme encor. ▼LÉONOR▲ Jusqu'à ce monastère en priant j'ai marché… les ronces et la pierre on meurtri mes genoux. ▼FERNAND▲ Vous qui m'avez trompé, de moi qu'espérez-vous? ▼LÉONOR▲ D'une erreur sur tous deux la peine, hélas! retombe. J'ai cru qu'Inez pour moi vous avait tout appris; dans un pardon j'eus foi. Croyez-moi! l'on ne ment pas au bord de la tombe. Mon triste aveu ne put jusqu'à vous parvenir Fernand… faites-moi grâce à mon dernier soupir. Fernand! imite la clémence du ciel à qui tu t'es lié. Tu vois mes pleurs et ma souffrance, écoute la pitié. Pour moi qui traîne ici ma honte, la terre, hélas! n'a plus de prix; mais que mon âme au ciel remonte pure au moins de ton mépris. ▼FERNAND▲ Ses pleurs, sa voix jadis si chère, portent le trouble dans mes sens; sur ton élu, Seigneur, descends! Arme son cour par la prière. ▼LÉONOR▲ Entends ma voix jadis si chère, vois quel trouble agite mes sens; et dans la nuit où je descends ne repousse pas ma prière! ▼FERNAND▲ Adieu! laissez-moi fuir. ▼LÉONOR▲ Désarme la colère, Oh! ne me laisse pas mourir dans l'abandon. Vois mes pleurs, ma misère… Un seul mot de pardon! Par le ciel, par ta mère, par la mort qui m'attend! ▼FERNAND▲ Va-t'en, va-t'en! ▼LÉONOR▲ Pitié! je t'en conjure par l'amour d'autrefois! ▼FERNAND▲ Pour la pitié quand elle adjure, tout mon amour se réveille à sa voix. ▼LÉONOR▲ Miséricorde à cette heure suprême, ou sous tes pieds écrase-moi! （elle se jette à genoux） ▼FERNAND▲ Ah! Léonor! ▼LÉONOR▲ Grâce! ▼FERNAND▲ Relève-toi Dieu te pardonne. ▼LÉONOR▲ Et toi? ▼FERNAND▲ Je t'aime! Viens! je cède éperdu au transport qui m'enivre; mon amour t'est rendu, pour t'aimer je veux vivre. Viens! j'écoute en mon cour une voix qui me crie dans une autre patrie va cacher ton bonheur. ▼LÉONOR▲ C'est mon rêve perdu qui rayonne et m'enivre! Son amour m'est rendu, mon Dieu, laisse-moi vivre! （à Fernand） Abandonne ton cour a la voix qui te crie dans une autre patrie va chercher le bonheur. ▼FERNAND▲ Fuyons ce monastère. ▼LÉONOR▲ （avec épouvante） O ciel! et ton salut! （on entend le choeur des religieux dans l'église） ▼LES RELIGIEUX▲ （dans l'église） Monte vers Dieu, dégagé de la terre, voeu du fidèle, adorable tribut. ▼LÉONOR▲ Entends-tu leur prière? C'est Dieu qui t'éclaire. ▼FERNAND▲ A toi j'abandonne mon sort. ▼LÉONOR▲ Oh! le remords m'assiège, songe à tes voeux. ▼FERNAND▲ Mon amour est plus fort, Viens! pour te posséder je serai sacrilège. ▼LÉONOR▲ （défaillant） Non, du ciel la faveur te retient sur l'abîme… C'est la main du Sauveur qui t'épargne ton crime. Moi, j'accepte mon sort… Fernand, Dieu me protège… Sois sauvé du sacrilège, sois sauvé par ma mort! ▼FERNAND▲ Viens, fuyons! ▼LÉONOR▲ Je ne puis… ma vie est terminée. ▼FERNAND▲ Mon Dieu! ▼LÉONOR▲ Mais je meurs pardonnée, Fernand, je te bénis. Adieu! dans le tombeau nous serons réunis. （elle meurt） ▼FERNAND▲ Au secours! au secours! （se penchant sur le corps de Léonor inanimée） C'est ma voix qui t'appelle; rouvre les yeux, c'est moi… ton époux! Vain effort! Au secours! au secours! SCÈNE SEPTIÈME （Léonor, étendue sur la terre; Fernand, Balthazar, sortant de l'église suivi par les Religieux.） ▼FERNAND▲ （à Balthazar） Venez, venez… c'est elle! ▼BALTHAZAR▲ Silence ! （il s'approche de Léonor et rabaisse le capuchon sur ses cheveux déroulés） Elle n'est plus! ▼FERNAND▲ Ah! ▼BALTHAZAR▲ （aux Religieux） Le novice est mort, priez pour lui, mes frères. ▼FERNAND▲ Et vous prîrez demain pour moi. ▼LES RELIGIEUX▲ （tombant à genoux） Dieu du pardon, que nos prières portent cette âme jusqu'à toi! ACTE QUATRIÈME Le cloître du couvent de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle.A droit, le portique de l'église; en face, une grande croix élevée sur un socle de pierre.Ça et là des tombes et des croix de bois. SCÈNE PREMIÈRE Religieux, Balthazar.Des religieux sont prosternés au pied de la croix; d'autres, dans l'éloignement, creusent leurs tombes et répètent par intervalles. LES RELIGIEUX Frères, creusons l'asile où la douleur s'endort. Un religieux introduit des pèlerins qui se dirigent vers l'église et s'arrêtent devant le portique où paraît Balthazar. BALTHAZAR Les cieux s'emplissent d'étincelles; vers Dieu montez avec transport, choeur pur des pénitents fidèles, assis dans l'ombre de la mort. Les religieux répètent la prière de Balthazar, puis s'éloignent à travers les arcades du cloître; les pèlerins entrent dans la chapelle.Un seul religieux est resté debout, immobile. SCÈNE DEUXIÈME Balthazar et Fernand BALTHAZAR s'approchant de Fernand Dans un instant, mon frère, un serment éternel vous arrache à la terre pour vous lier au ciel. FERNAND Quand j'ai quitté le port pour l'orage du monde, vous me l'aviez bien dit "Mon fils, tu reviendras!" Me voici; je reviens, cherchant la paix profonde et l'oubli que la mort offre ici dans ses bras. BALTHAZAR Du courage, Fernand! lorsque Dieu vous appelle, ne pensez plus qu'à lui; votre voeu prononcé entre le monde et vous est un tombeau placé. Balthazar s'éloigne FERNAND Vous me quittez? BALTHAZAR Entrez dans la chapelle. Près d'un novice arrivé cette nuit, Malade… jeune encor… le devoir me conduit. FERNAND levant les yeux au ciel Jeune aussi! BALTHAZAR Pauvre fleur par l'orage abattue. Qui va mourir, peut-être! FERNAND Oh! oui, la douleur tue. Balthazar va prendre les mains de Fernand, comme pour relever son courage, puis il sort. SCÈNE TROISIÈME Fernand, seul. FERNAND La maîtresse du roi!… Dans l'abîme creusé, Sous un piège infernal ma gloire est engloutie, et de mon triste cour l'espérance est sortie ainsi que d'un vase brisé. Ange si pur, que dans un songe j'ai cru trouver, vous que j'aimais! Avec l'espoir, triste mensonge, envolez-vous, et pour jamais! En moi, pour l'amour d'une femme de Dieu l'amour avait faibli; Pitié! je t'ai rendu mon âme, Pitié! Seigneur, rends-moi l'oubli! Ange si pur, que dans un songe j'ai cru trouver, vous que j'aimais! Avec l'espoir, triste mensonge, envolez-vous et pour jamais! SCÈNE QUATRIÈME Fernand, Balthazar, les Religieux. BALTHAZAR Es-tu prêt? viens. FERNAND Mon père, à la chapelle je vous suis. BALTHAZAR Viens, mon fils, qu'à toi Dieu se révèle! Balthazar et Fernand entrent dans la chapelle, les religieux les suivent en silence.Léonor parait sous l'habit de novice; elle se place devant le porche de l'église, cherchant à distinguer les traits des religieux qui passent. SCÈNE CINQUIÈME Léonor, seule. LÉONOR Fernand! Fernand! Pourrai-je le trouver? Ce monastère est-il l'asile qu'il habite? Sous cette robe sainte, ô mon Dieu que j'irrite, jusques à lui permets-moi d'arriver. Par la douleur ma force est épuisée, je vais mourir… oui! merci de ce don! Prends mon âme brisée, Mais qu'au moins de Fernand j'emporte le pardon. LES RELIGIEUX dans l'église Que du Très-Haut la faveur t'accompagne, voeu du fidèle, adorable tribut! Entendez-vous du haut de la montagne, la voix de l'ange annonçant le salut? LÉONOR Qu'entends-je? C'est un voeu qui de l'autel s'élève, une âme que le ciel à cette terre enlève! FERNAND dans l'église Je me consacre à te servir, Seigneur! Viens, que ta grâce illumine mon cour. LÉONOR Cette voix! c'est bien lui! lui! perdu pour la terre. Ange, remonte au ciel! Je fuis ce cloître austère, mais… je ne puis, la mort glace mon sang. elle tombe épuisée au pied de la croix SCÈNE SIXIÈME Léonor et Fernand. FERNAND sortant de l'église avec agitation Mes voeux sont prononcés… Et malgré moi descend, dans mon âme inquiète, une terreur secrète… J'ai fui loin de l'autel. LÉONOR essayant de se soulever Mon Dieu, je souffre… hélas! J'ai froid. FERNAND Qu'entends-je? regardant autour de lui Sur la terre un malheureux! s'approchant Relevez-vous, mon frère. LÉONOR C'est lui! FERNAND reculant avec horreur Grand Dieu! LÉONOR Ne me maudissez pas! FERNAND Va-t'en d'ici! de cet asile tu troublerais la pureté; laisse la mort froide et tranquille faire son ouvre en liberté. Dans son palais ton roi t'appelle pour te parer de honte et d'or. Son amour te rendra plus belle, plus belle et plus infâme encor. LÉONOR Jusqu'à ce monastère en priant j'ai marché… les ronces et la pierre on meurtri mes genoux. FERNAND Vous qui m'avez trompé, de moi qu'espérez-vous? LÉONOR D'une erreur sur tous deux la peine, hélas! retombe. J'ai cru qu'Inez pour moi vous avait tout appris; dans un pardon j'eus foi. Croyez-moi! l'on ne ment pas au bord de la tombe. Mon triste aveu ne put jusqu'à vous parvenir Fernand… faites-moi grâce à mon dernier soupir. Fernand! imite la clémence du ciel à qui tu t'es lié. Tu vois mes pleurs et ma souffrance, écoute la pitié. Pour moi qui traîne ici ma honte, la terre, hélas! n'a plus de prix; mais que mon âme au ciel remonte pure au moins de ton mépris. FERNAND Ses pleurs, sa voix jadis si chère, portent le trouble dans mes sens; sur ton élu, Seigneur, descends! Arme son cour par la prière. LÉONOR Entends ma voix jadis si chère, vois quel trouble agite mes sens; et dans la nuit où je descends ne repousse pas ma prière! FERNAND Adieu! laissez-moi fuir. LÉONOR Désarme la colère, Oh! ne me laisse pas mourir dans l'abandon. Vois mes pleurs, ma misère… Un seul mot de pardon! Par le ciel, par ta mère, par la mort qui m'attend! FERNAND Va-t'en, va-t'en! LÉONOR Pitié! je t'en conjure par l'amour d'autrefois! FERNAND Pour la pitié quand elle adjure, tout mon amour se réveille à sa voix. LÉONOR Miséricorde à cette heure suprême, ou sous tes pieds écrase-moi! elle se jette à genoux FERNAND Ah! Léonor! LÉONOR Grâce! FERNAND Relève-toi Dieu te pardonne. LÉONOR Et toi? FERNAND Je t'aime! Viens! je cède éperdu au transport qui m'enivre; mon amour t'est rendu, pour t'aimer je veux vivre. Viens! j'écoute en mon cour une voix qui me crie dans une autre patrie va cacher ton bonheur. LÉONOR C'est mon rêve perdu qui rayonne et m'enivre! Son amour m'est rendu, mon Dieu, laisse-moi vivre! à Fernand Abandonne ton cour a la voix qui te crie dans une autre patrie va chercher le bonheur. FERNAND Fuyons ce monastère. LÉONOR avec épouvante O ciel! et ton salut! on entend le choeur des religieux dans l'église LES RELIGIEUX dans l'église Monte vers Dieu, dégagé de la terre, voeu du fidèle, adorable tribut. LÉONOR Entends-tu leur prière? C'est Dieu qui t'éclaire. FERNAND A toi j'abandonne mon sort. LÉONOR Oh! le remords m'assiège, songe à tes voeux. FERNAND Mon amour est plus fort, Viens! pour te posséder je serai sacrilège. LÉONOR défaillant Non, du ciel la faveur te retient sur l'abîme… C'est la main du Sauveur qui t'épargne ton crime. Moi, j'accepte mon sort… Fernand, Dieu me protège… Sois sauvé du sacrilège, sois sauvé par ma mort! FERNAND Viens, fuyons! LÉONOR Je ne puis… ma vie est terminée. FERNAND Mon Dieu! LÉONOR Mais je meurs pardonnée, Fernand, je te bénis. Adieu! dans le tombeau nous serons réunis. elle meurt FERNAND Au secours! au secours! se penchant sur le corps de Léonor inanimée C'est ma voix qui t'appelle; rouvre les yeux, c'est moi… ton époux! Vain effort! Au secours! au secours! SCÈNE SEPTIÈME {Léonor, étendue sur la terre; Fernand, Balthazar, sortant de l'église suivi par les Religieux.} FERNAND à Balthazar Venez, venez… c'est elle! BALTHAZAR Silence ! il s'approche de Léonor et rabaisse le capuchon sur ses cheveux déroulés Elle n'est plus! FERNAND Ah! BALTHAZAR aux Religieux Le novice est mort, priez pour lui, mes frères. FERNAND Et vous prîrez demain pour moi. LES RELIGIEUX tombant à genoux Dieu du pardon, que nos prières portent cette âme jusqu'à toi! Donizetti,Gaetano/La favorite
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